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Track(s) taken from CDA68291/3

Piano Concerto No 5 in E flat major 'Emperor', Op 73

composer
December 1808 to April 1809; commissioned by Archduke Rudolph; published by Muzio Clementi in London in November 1810

Sir Stephen Hough (piano), Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra, Hannu Lintu (conductor)
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Recording details: June 2019
Helsinki Music Centre, Finland
Produced by Laura Heikinheimo
Engineered by Enno Mäemets
Release date: May 2020
Total duration: 38 minutes 53 seconds
 

Other recordings available for download

Alessio Bax (piano), Southbank Sinfonia, Simon Over (conductor)
Elizabeth Sombart (piano), Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, Pierre Vallet (conductor)

Reviews

‘It is a tribute to the quality of Stephen Hough’s musicianship that the new cycle’s most memorable performance should be that of Beethoven’s Janus-like Third Piano Concerto, the one—on record at least—that has often proved the most elusive … a soloist whose fineness of touch and sharpness of delineation recall those of such predecessors as Solomon and Gilels’ (Gramophone)

‘Hough’s individualities of phrasing and subtleties of pedalling are all contained within a relatively Classical sense of order. He brings splendour to the greater grandiosity of the Emperor Concerto, but never seems tempted to inflate it into a prototypical Rachmaninov as some of his eminent predecessors have. Lintu steers a judicious course between Romantic indulgence and ‘authentic’ briskness in his choice of tempos and draws crisp, bright textures from what sounds like relatively modest orchestral forces’ (BBC Music Magazine)» More
PERFORMANCE
RECORDING

‘From the opening bars of the First Concerto I was captivated: there's an attractive bounce and suppleness to the playing of the Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra, a sense of air and openness to the recording as well. Tempos not too hard pushed by conductor Hannu Lintu, but there's a crisp immediacy to the articulation. The first concertos seem to reach back to the Mozartian models Beethoven admired—essential simplicity to the slow movements [with] effortlessly spun lines and long phrases from Hough that match the orchestral playing … one of the things that struck me here [in the first movement of No 5] as much as anywhere was the perfect poise of Hough's quieter playing—he's frequently less dynamically forceful than other pianists. Call it a thoughtful approach if you like but it's better than that, fully thought through and memorably realized … if you liked the poise and nobility of the opening then I suspect you'll appreciate the gently flowing poetry of the slow movement before the outburst of joy in the finale … my Record of the Week’ (BBC Record Review)» More

‘Stephen Hough’s long-awaited recording of the complete five piano concertos is a partnership with conductor Hannu Lintu and the Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra, and the sparks struck between their crisp responsiveness and Hough’s immaculate blend of imagination and control are considerable. Magisterial one moment, wry the next, Hough is a whole orchestra in himself, and not a note is wasted’ (The Guardian)» More

‘Wonderful, almost miraculous … there isn’t a colour, weight of attack or nuance of phrasing or rhythm that passes [Hough] by’ (The Times)» More

‘The Beethoven releases come thick and fast in this 250th-anniversary year, but few, I suspect, will be as full of surprises as Hough’s first recordings of this central repertoire … with Lintu and the Finnish orchestra’s complementary accomplishments, he sets tempi that always sound right, and invests every phrase with a freshness and panache that takes the breath away’ (The Sunday Times)» More

‘Stephen Hough’s complete set of the Piano Concertos is impeccable in taste, judgment and, of course, virtuosity’ (Daily Mail)

‘Measured, meticulous, occasionally maverick and often magical, Stephen Hough’s eagerly anticipated Beethoven Piano Concertos cycle doesn’t disappoint. Marrying interrogative insight and interpretative individuality, it delivers vital, vivacious accounts that capture the grandeur and gravity, poetry and pathos, wit and finesse of these remarkable works … expect gongs aplenty when this year’s awards come around’ (Limelight, Australia)» More

‘This is a deeply rewarding and distinguished set of the Beethoven piano concertos. Stephen Hough, Hannu Lintu and the excellent FRSO are perceptive and stylish interpreters of the music … the performances have been captured in lovely clean and clear sound with just the right amount of hall ambience. The balance between the Bösendorfer piano and the orchestra is excellent as, indeed, is the internal orchestral balance. The booklet includes valuable notes by Beethoven expert Barry Cooper … we’re less than half-way through 2020 but I suspect that this set will be high on my list when the MusicWeb International reviewers are asked to nominate Recordings of the Year’ (MusicWeb International)» More

‘All in all, this Hyperion release is classy and distinctive: three hours spent in the company of great music and musicians seems like no time at all’ (colinscolumn.com)» More

‘Stephen Hough’s playing is a delight. He has a superb technique and tosses off the most awkward passages with aplomb, but that is almost taken for granted nowadays, where so many pianists have fine technical skills. However, that is just the beginning; he observes Beethoven’s instructions closely, as for example in the differences between forte, sforzando and fortissimo or between staccato, semi-staccato and legato phrasing. He balances the often chunky chords with great care. Both he and Lintu offer very clean playing, often light and limpid, and Hough uses the pedal sparingly … the performances of the first three concertos are very good, but those of the last two are even better. In fact, I don’t know when I last enjoyed them so much … there are many excellent recordings of the Beethoven concertos, and listeners can usually please themselves with the choice of soloist, orchestra and conductor. However, if you choose this one you will be very happy with it. It is a winner’ (MusicWeb International)» More

‘An invigorating set, one that balances the best qualities of the historically informed movement—quick tempos, lean textures—with the full-bodied intensity of modern-orchestra Beethoven … throughout, Lintu and the FRSO supply accompaniments that are the model of expressive and technical precision. Woodwind solos, in particular, are spotless; balances between piano and orchestra flawless; tempos smart; attention to phrasings, dynamics, and articulative details pristine. The result is a captivating cycle of the Beethoven piano concertos that sounds and feels distinctly vital’ (The Arts Fuse, USA)» More

‘A singular synthesis of extraordinary solo playing, exceptional conducting and exquisite orchestral performance’ (The Whole Note, Canada)» More
Archduke Rudolph, an excellent pianist and brother of the Austrian emperor, became friendly with Beethoven in 1808, and Beethoven agreed to dedicate the fourth piano concerto to him. It seems likely that Rudolph then commissioned the next concerto, for Beethoven’s sketchbook indicates that he began work on his Piano Concerto No 5 in E flat major, Op 73, almost straight after his performance of No 4. The work was more or less finished by April, but life in Vienna was disrupted in May by a French invasion, with Rudolph departing for the countryside and not returning until the following January. Private performances may have taken place thereafter, once Rudolph had learned the piano part, but the only one known to us took place on 13 January 1811, when Johann Nepomuk Chotek recorded that he had heard Rudolph play ‘an extraordinarily difficult and artful’ new concerto by Beethoven, which must have been this one. A copy of the work had meanwhile been sold to Clementi for publication in London, where it appeared in November 1810. A slightly revised edition was then published by Breitkopf & Härtel in February 1811, thus shortly after Rudolph’s performance, which must have been from a manuscript.

The grandiose character of the music has earned the concerto the nickname ‘Emperor’. It begins with three massive chords, each one followed by highly decorative figuration on the piano, before the main orchestral themes are heard in the usual way. The three chords return at the recapitulation, with different but equally ornate figuration on the piano; and as the piano is given so many florid solo passages, a cadenza near the end of the movement would be almost superfluous. Thus Beethoven wrote out just a short one of about twenty bars. Perhaps, too, Rudolph did not trust himself to compose a cadenza that would be adequate for Beethoven’s majestic work.

The second movement is in the unusual key of B major, and is a slow, lyrical one with much piano decoration, as in the first three concertos. At the end the music suddenly changes key, and a slow version of the finale theme is heard on the piano. The finale proper then enters without a break, with the theme heard at normal speed. When everything seems to be over, there is a strange passage for piano and timpani alone, before a final flourish brings the music to a thrilling close.

from notes by Barry Cooper © 2020

L’archiduc Rodolphe, excellent pianiste et frère de l’empereur d’Autriche, se lia d’amitié avec Beethoven en 1808, et ce dernier accepta de lui dédicacer ce Concerto pour piano nº 4. Il semble probable que Rodolphe lui ait alors passé commande du concerto suivant, car les carnets de Beethoven indiquent qu’il commença à travailler à son Concerto pour piano nº 5 en mi bémol majeur, op.73, presque immédiatement après son exécution du nº 4 au concert de décembre. Cette œuvre était plus ou moins terminée en avril, mais la vie à Vienne fut perturbée en mai par l’invasion française, Rodolphe partant pour la campagne et ne revenant qu’au mois de janvier suivant. Des exécutions privées eurent peut-être lieu par la suite, une fois que Rodolphe eut appris la partie de piano, mais la seule qui nous soit connue eut lieu le 13 janvier 1811, où Johann Nepomuk Chotek indiqua qu’il avait entendu Rodolphe jouer un nouveau concerto de Beethoven «extraordinairement difficile et ingénieux», qui devait être celui-ci. Dans l’intervalle, une copie de l’œuvre avait été vendue à Clementi pour être publiée à Londres, où elle parut en novembre 1810. Une édition légèrement révisée fut ensuite publiée par Breitkopf & Härtel en février 1811, donc peu après l’exécution de Rodolphe, qui dut sans doute le jouer d’après un manuscrit.

Le caractère grandiose de la musique a valu à ce concerto le surnom d’«Empereur». Il débute par trois accords massifs, chacun suivi de figuration très décorative au piano, avant que les principaux thèmes orchestraux soient joués de la manière habituelle. Les trois accords reviennent à la réexposition, avec une figuration différente mais tout aussi richement ornée au piano; et comme le piano s’est vu confier tant de passages solistes fleuris, une cadence à la fin du mouvement était presque superflue. Beethoven composa donc juste une petite cadence d’environ vingt mesures. Il se pourrait aussi que Rodolphe n’ait pas eu assez confiance en lui pour composer une cadence à la hauteur de l’œuvre majestueuse de Beethoven.

Le deuxième mouvement, dans la tonalité inhabituelle de si majeur, est lent et lyrique avec beaucoup de décoration pianistique comme dans les trois premiers concertos. À la fin, la musique change soudain de tonalité avec une version lente du thème du finale au piano. Le finale à proprement parler commence ensuite sans interruption, avec le thème exposé à la vitesse normale. Lorsque tout semble terminé, il y a un étrange passage au piano et aux timbales seuls, avant qu’une ultime gamme entraîne la musique vers une conclusion exaltante.

extrait des notes rédigées par Barry Cooper © 2020
Français: Marie-Stella Pâris

Erzherzog Rudolph, ein glänzender Klavierspieler und Bruder des österreichischen Kaisers, gewann 1808 die Freundschaft Beethovens. Widmete dieser ihm darauf sein 4. Klavierkonzert. Offenbar gab Rudolph gleich das nächste Konzert in Auftrag; jedenfalls weist sein Skizzenbuch darauf hin, dass Beethoven unmittelbar nach seiner Aufführung des 4. Klavierkonzerts in dem erwähnten Dezember-Konzert die Arbeit am Klavierkonzert Nr. 5 Es-Dur op. 73 aufnahm. Im April war das Werk so gut wie fertig; doch erfuhr dann der Wiener Alltag eine Unterbrechung: Die Franzosen besetzten Wien, und Rudolph zog sich aufs Land zurück, von wo er erst im folgenden Januar zurückkehrte. Nachdem danach Rudolph den Klavierpart einstudiert hatte, mag es zu Privataufführungen gekommen sein; sicher wissen wir jedoch nur von einer einzigen am 13. Januar 1811. Johann Nepomuk Chotek berichtet, er habe Erzherzog Rudolph ein „außerordentlich schweres und künstliches“ neues Konzert von Beethoven spielen hören; dabei muss es sich um das 5. Klavierkonzert gehandelt haben. Eine Abschrift des Werks war mittlerweile an Clementi verkauft worden, der es in London herausbringen sollte; das geschah im November 1810. Eine leicht überarbeitete Fassung erschien dann im Februar 1811 bei Breitkopf & Härtel in Leipzig, also kurz nach der Privataufführung Rudolphs, der folglich aus einem Manuskript gespielt haben muss.

Der grandiose Gestus der Musik hat dem Konzert den Beinamen „Emperor“ (Kaiser) eingebracht. Es hebt mit drei mächtigen Akkorden an, jeweils gefolgt von ausschweifenden Figurationen des Klaviers; erst dann erklingen die Hauptthemen des Orchesters in der üblichen Weise. In der Reprise kehren die drei Akkorde wieder, nun mit anderen, aber nicht minder ausgeschmückten Klavier-Figurationen. Bei so viel Passagenwerk des Klaviers erscheint eine Solokadenz am Satzende beinahe überflüssig. Beethoven schrieb denn auch nur eine etwa zwanzig Takte kurze. Möglicherweise traute sich auch Rudolph nicht zu, eine Kadenz zu komponieren, die dem majestätischen Werk Beethovens gerecht würde.

Der zweite Satz, langsam, lyrisch und mit einem hochgradig verzierten Solopart wie in den ersten drei Konzerten, steht ungewöhnlicherweise in H-Dur. Am Schluss verwandelt sich die Tonart plötzlich, und im Klavier erklingt eine langsame Version des Finalthemas. Das eigentliche Finale setzt dann ohne Pause ein, sein Thema nun in seinem wirklichen Tempo. Als eigentlich schon alles gesagt ist, kommt es zu einer eigenartigen Passage für Klavier und Pauken. Dann findet der Satz in brillanten Schlussakkorden sein Ende.

aus dem Begleittext von Barry Cooper © 2020
Deutsch: Friedrich Sprondel

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