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Artist Hyperion Records
Moiseiwitsch, Benno (piano)

Benno Moiseiwitsch (piano)

Benno Moiseiwitsch was one of the great originals of the keyboard, a pianist who brought a classical elegance to the romantic repertoire and a romantic warmth to the classical repertoire. To this thoughtful and essentially introspective musician—though both the man and his music-making possessed a natural vibrancy and gaiety—playing the piano was as natural as breathing.

Born on 22 February 1890 in Odessa, Moiseiwitsch's precocious talent guaranteed him a place at the Imperial Music Academy in Odessa, where his professor was Dimitri Klimov. At the age of nine he astounded everyone by winning the prestigious Rubinstein Prize playing Schumann, the composer he carne to revere above all others. Even at this tender age he held highly individual views about music, as illustrated by the story (perhaps apocryphal) of an end of term report which complained of inattentiveness. The inevitable family confrontation brought about a disarmingly brief and blunt reply: of course he didn't listen; his teachers might play the right notes but he did not at all care for the manner in which they played and so listened with only half an ear.

Young Benno was evidently something of a handful; a strong-willed and mischievous boy, though the academy was more than used to his innocent pranks. However, one day there was a more serious episode and Benno was expelled on the spot. He was, in fact, not the guilty party but neither was he one to 'squeal' or tell tales. The resultant crisis was resolved when the family packed him off to London where one of his brothers was living. (Perhaps it was not entirely fortuitous that he should leave Russia at this time for the country was seething with political and artistic unrest.)

On his arrival in London in 1905 Moiseiwitsch was refused entry to the city's Guildhall School of Music on the strength that there was nothing they could teach him and so arrangements were made for the boy to study with Theodore Leschetitzky, at that time recognised as one of the greatest piano teachers of the era. If this was to prove the most decisive step in his artistic development their first meeting was little short of disastrous. Legend has it that the boy tossed-off Chopin's Revolutionary Etude with stunning, youthful abandon while Leschetitzky, who abominated the sacrifice of music upon the altar of shallow effect, grew more and more disgruntled and disenchanted. It was only after some serious rethinking on Moiseiwitsch's part that he was eventually accepted into the fold. The ensuing two and a half years spent with Leschetitzky in Vienna witnessed the blossoming of a musician who eventually became one of the master's greatest pupils.

Moiseiwitsch was the first to admit his indebtedness to Leschetitzky. He was proud to be considered Beethoven's "great-grandson", for it was Beethoven who had taught Czerny who in turn had taught Leschetitzky. Moiseiwitsch admired the manner in which Leschetitzky respected his pupils' individuality, though naturally there were watchwords. That Moiseiwitsch's music-making remained so fresh throughout almost his entire career can be attributed to Leschetitzky's insistence that pianists must never cease to study, that they must always listen to themselves and play for themselves rather than for an audience.

Benno Moiseiwitsch became an integral part of British musical life from the time of his English début at Reading in 1908, a dry-run for his London début which followed some months later at the Queen's Hall. The programme was as generous as it was demanding: Chromatic Fantasy & Fugue (J.S. Bach), Appassionata Sonata (Beethoven), Carnaval (Schumann), Sonata in B minor (Chopin) and the Paganini Variations (Brahms). A career was safely launched. By the 1920s Moiseiwitsch was recording prolifically. Though he later acknowledged that recording had significantly helped him during his early career he was not enamoured of the actual process. It was, he admitted, "a terrific strain. It felt like a boxing match in which someone kept hitting me on the back of the neck". Listening to his own recordings also brought no pleasure: "l'm terrified that if I listen to it once it is published, I might not like it. But then it's too late to remake it".

A successful American début in 1919 paved the way for an international career and soon Moiseiwitsch was attracting the admiration of his fellow pianists. In Speaking of Pianists Abram Chasins recalls a Carnegie Hall recital by Benno Moiseiwitsch during the 1926/7 season. Chasins, familiar only with Moiseiwitsch's recordings, expected big things. He was not disappointed. That same week Chasins visited his illustrious friend Josef Hofmann and, without naming names, mentioned that he had heard Hofmann's heir apparent. Without hesitating a second, he (Hofmann) said:

"Ah, so you heard Moiseiwitsch. Now there's a natural pianist in the romantic tradition. From here in it only remains to see how much Sitzfleisch he has, and how much he is willing to give up for the solitary confinement his kind of talent demands".

Hofmann, too, was not disappointed.

Moiseiwitsch did not become a British subject until 1937—he was never to return to Russia though he often thought aloud about the prospect—and with the outbreak of the Second World War he gave himself to the war effort, including an endless succession of concerts and recitals for the Russian War Fund. His reward was a CBE in 1946. It was, incidentally, during these troubled years that Moiseiwitsch became a regular guest of Winston Churchill at Downing Street and Chequers. Rarely did an evening pass without a request for Chopin's "Galloping Horse", Churchill's name for the Ballade in A flat with its "cantering" second theme.

Moiseiwitsch continued his travels during the post-war years, working almost to the very end. His death in London on 9 April 1963 marked the end of an illustrious chapter in the history of piano playing.

In common with several of the great Russian émigré artists, including his friends Rachmaninov and Heifetz, Moiseiwitsch did not agonise during performance but maintained a sphinx-like expression (a handy attribute when it came to one of his favourite pastimes, poker) though beneath the mask there was an exceptionally sensitive nature. How else could he have etched such exquisitely shaped phrases or conjured-up such beauty of sound or played with such an all-encompassing grandeur? His control of individual tonal and melodie strands was unrivalled—he was the supreme colourist of his day—his technique was brilliant, supple, but never demonstrative and always at the service of the music. In short, Benno Moiseiwitsch was born to realise the full potential of the modern grand piano.

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