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Artist Hyperion Records
Medtner, Nikolai (piano)

Nikolai Medtner (piano)

Nikolai Medtner was not only a composer worthy to be ranked with his close contemporaries Scriabin and Rachmaninov as one of the three most important Russian writers of piano music of his time but, like them, a great pianist, one who might well have joined the accepted pantheon of 'Golden Age' virtuosos, had composition not come so completely to dominate his artistic life.

Having received his first piano lessons at the age of five or six from his mother, Medtner enrolled at the Moscow Conservatoire in 1892, his studies centering not on composition, which to a large extent he taught himself, but on his chosen instrument. When, in 1900, he graduated with the Gold Medal, the outstanding pianist of his year, his teacher, Vasily Safonov, teacher also of Scriabin and Josef Lhevinne, declared that he deserved not a gold but, if such a thing existed, a diamond medal. That same year, after winning an honourable mention in the Anton Rubinstein Competition in Vienna and about to embark on an international career as a concert artist, he peremptorily decided to devote his life to composition, henceforth following his calling with an almost religious dedication and a disregard for material success. The piano, as with Chopin and Alkan before him, became the focus of all his creative work.

Although Medtner was uninterested in building a career as a performer, public appreciation of his pianistic mastery steadily increased with the occasional recitals he gave each year to acquaint audiences with his compositions, and in 1909/10 and again during the First World War he served as a piano professor at the Moscow Conservatoire. In his concert programmes, alongside his own pieces he preferred to play only the works of his musical god, Beethoven. Over the years, his performances of several of the sonatas (but especially the Appassionata and the Waldstein), the 32 Variations in C minor and the Fourth Concerto (for which he wrote cadenzasi became celebrated musical occasions. For Medtner, who played as if in a trance, with half-closed eyes and the minimum of gesture, musical performance was an act of quasi-religious communion, in which the executant was merely a medium, and the music everything.

Almost unknown abroad, Medtner was overshadowed in Russia by his more charismatic colleagues Scriabin and Rachmaninov but, especially in Moscow, he built up a considerable following, his status as a major composer confirmed by the award of the Glinka Prizes in 1909 and 1916. However, in 1921, unable to reconcile himself to the Bolshevik regime, he left his homeland. His close friend, Rachmaninov, now living in exile in the United States, persuaded Steinway in New York to invite him over for a concert tour, but Medtner hesitated, preferring to continue with his creative work, albeit in the most difficult circumstances, surviving on the modest sales of his music, the rare recital, piano lessons and the generosity of a band of faithful friends.

Medtner settled in Berlin for three years and then moved to Paris; in neither city was his music or his talent as a pianist in demand. In order to pay off mounting debts he at last reluctantly agreed to making concert tours of North America in 1924/25 and 1929/30, and in 1927 he returned for a series of concerts to the Soviet Union. Between 1928 and 1935 Medtner paid several visits to Britain, where he was impressed by the apparent responsiveness of audiences to his music. Encouraged by this to settle in the country permanently, in the autumn of 1935 he moved to London, where he lived until his death sixteen years later.

In 1939, just when the composer was beginning to establish himself in Britain, war broke out, the sudden loss of income from cancelled concerts and lessons, and of royalties from his German publisher, making survival ever more difficult. The following year, with the Blitz on London, Medtner found sanctuary with friends in Warwickshire, but in 1942 he was struck down by the first of a series of debilitating heart attacks, which all but brought to an end his activity on the concert stage. Fortunately he rallied suficiently to be able to give the first two performances of his new Third Concerto in the Royal Albert Hall in February and June 1944, and in May of the same year he played for the last time his beloved Beethoven Fourth Concerto.

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